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By Sherwood

In the 1992 classic, Last of the Mohicans, A ranking officer of the British army commands his Mohawk guide: “Dawn. At the encampment. 6 A.M. sharp.”

Overshadowed by the steam engine, telegraph and other dramatic technological innovations, the most important invention of the late 18th and early 19th century receives less attention from historians than it deserves. During these two centuries, throughout the western world, people began to perceive time in terms other than the motion of the sun. Clocks, schedules and timetables made precision and punctuality indispensable characteristics of both economic and social spheres.

The order delivered in Last of the Mohicans represents one of the movie’s few (relatively speaking) historical inaccuracies. It’s a subtle mistake, but one that offers the opportunity to describe a really interesting and significant phenomenon.

For one, the statement is contradictory in that it provides two separate times at which the guide should arrive, one vague (“dawn”) and the other specific (“6 A.M. sharp”). Individuals during this period likely operated according to either the former or the latter, depending on their occupation, since ship captains needed precise departure times while farmers operated in accordance with the seasons. It’s unrealistic to imagine a scenario in which someone would have needed both systems.

For another, the events of The Last of the Mohicans mostly predated this shift in perception. Although sundials, pendulums, hour glasses and even mechanical clocks had existed for almost a millenium by the mid-18th century, the forces that made them not only necessary but indispensable had yet to come. Most significantly, innovations in transportation technology, like railroads and steamboats, demanded more precise measurements of time.

Sorlin describes the primary purpose of history, called “positive history”, as “an attempt to clarify – to sort out what is probable from what is false, to establish the chronology of events, to show the relationships between them, and to detect periods of strong social or political tension and define their characteristics” (34). He distinguishes this from the more qualitative purpose of history, which is to convey the ways in which past events are remembered. In the former capacity, The Last of the Mohicans fails, at least in this particular case, by misrepresenting chronology and ignoring the relationship between the temporal revolution and the forces that brought it about.

It’s worth mentioning that the writers may have just been trying to use language that modern-day viewers would be accustomed to. 6 A.M. makes sense to me. In truth, I’m not really upset about such a small mistake. Rather, I’m excited by and interested in the phenomenon it allowed me to describe. Finally, in reference to Alec’s blog post about how technology reflects the user, how did mechanical clocks represent individuals in the 19th century differently than sundials represented their predecessors? The tools we use to measure time demonstrate the extent to which it consumes us. As Faulkner once wrote about a watch: “I give it to you not that you may remember time, but that you might forget it now and then for a moment and not spend all of your breath trying to conquer it.