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The Communist Manifesto, written during the height of the Industrial Revolution, defines the class struggles caused by Industrialization and Capitalism between workers and owners. Boyer contextualizes the work of Karl Marx by describing the social and economic conditions leading up to Marx’s publication. Boyer also notes that the last few sections of the Communist Manifesto are ideological, pertaining to a specific political philosophy rather than a strict economic philosophy. Marx implores the proletariat of the world to follow the Communist ideology, which as Zhedrick states, “implores them to initiate a bloody revolution in the name of equality.” Boyer finds the distinction between Marx’s economic and political messages significant enough to distinguish them. In this regard, I feel the distinction is important because economics and policy are not separate. They directly influence each other: economics is often decided by government policy. This is why Marx’s rallying message at the end, “Working Men of All Countries, Unite!” closes his statement. He calls for revolution, a violent political resistance against the higher class. To seize the means of production and redistribute them to the working class is a political revolution, not just an economic ideology.